Other Barbadians who settled in northern New Jersey include Captain John Berry who acquired 10,000 acres, or six miles between the rivers above Sandford’s tract.
To gain title to the land from the Native Americans, “Sandford gave 170 fathoms and black wampum, 200 of white wampum” as well as clothing, weapons, liquor, blankets, and tools (Pomfret 1962:54). Sandford and Kingsland named the tract New Barbados and divided it between them, Sandford taking the lower third and Kingsland the rest. Kingsland never actually came to New Jersey, though his nephew Isaac Kingsland inherited his uncle’s property which provided a base for his rise to prominence in New Jersey politics. These include a tract of 5,300 acres of upland and 10,000 acres of woodland granted to William Sandford who was partnered with Major Nathaniel Kingsland. As early as 1668, Governor Carteret granted enormous tracts of land between the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers to English Barbadian planters who had direct experience with single-crop plantation production based in slave labor. Barbadians were enticed by promises made by the English to provide 150 acres for each household head and another 150 acres for each manservant, which included slaves. The scent and prospects of profits were apparently stronger than loyalty to the Dutch flag.”Ī second feature of the English system especially related to northern New Jersey was the arrival of large landowning settlers from Barbados. The burghers and the Dutch West India Company itself accepted the capitulation without firing a shot.
It was a tactical thrust aimed at gaining the allegiance of the Dutch propertied classes in the colony. As Fishman (1997:27) puts it “this document … upheld the private property institution of slaveholding to the project of the English master and slave traders. This was made clear in the Articles of Capitulation that transferred New Amsterdam to the English. Graham Hodges (1999:34-68) describes the early English period from 1664-1714 at the “closing vice of slavery.” He refers here to several developments that built on the Dutch commitment to slavery after 1640 in which the experience of African-descended people in New Jersey became ever more tied to the practice of slavery. Part 2 – Slavery in Early English East Jersey
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